refactor(cli): use errore for typed error handling in run command

Replace untyped catch blocks and scattered process.exit() with
errore tagged errors and error-as-values pattern. Compile-time
safety for error handling paths.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

PLAN.md

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# Proactive Error Handling with errore in `run.ts`
+
+Ref: https://errore.org/
+
+## Goal
+
+Replace scattered `process.exit()`, untyped `catch (e: any)`, and inline error handling in `run.ts` with errore's error-as-values pattern. Compile-time exhaustive error handling via `matchError` in a single top-level `action()`.
+
+## Constraints
+
+- `makeAppFromEnv` and `makeConfigApp` are exported — **do not change their return types**
+- `platform.ts` (`startServer`, `serveStatic`, `getConfigPath`) — **unchanged this PR**
+- Keep it simple: errors defined in `run.ts`, not a separate file
+
+## Phase 1: Add errore dependency
+
+- `app/package.json`: add `"errore"` to dependencies
+- Run install
+
+## Phase 2: Define tagged errors in `run.ts`
+
+```ts
+import errore from "errore"
+
+class ConfigLoadError extends errore.createTaggedError({
+  name: "ConfigLoadError",
+  message: "Failed to load config: $reason",
+}) {}
+
+class NeedsBunError extends errore.createTaggedError({
+  name: "NeedsBunError",
+  message: "Config requires Bun runtime",
+}) {}
+
+class NeedsTypeStrippingError extends errore.createTaggedError({
+  name: "NeedsTypeStrippingError",
+  message: "Node $version needs --experimental-strip-types for .ts config",
+}) {}
+
+class ReexecFailedError extends errore.createTaggedError({
+  name: "ReexecFailedError",
+  message: "Re-exec failed: $reason",
+}) {}
+```
+
+## Phase 3: Refactor internal functions to return errors
+
+### `loadConfigFile` → `ConfigLoadError | NeedsBunError | NeedsTypeStrippingError | CliBkndConfig`
+- Use `errore.tryAsync` to wrap `import()`
+- On catch: detect Bun requirement → `NeedsBunError`
+- On catch: other failure → `ConfigLoadError`
+- Before import: check `needsTypeStripping()` → `NeedsTypeStrippingError`
+
+### `reexecWithTypeStripping` / `reexecUnderBun` → `ReexecFailedError | never`
+- Success: `process.exit(0)` (unavoidable — must stop parent after child completes)
+- Failure: return `ReexecFailedError` instead of `process.exit(1)`
+- Caller decides how to handle failure
+
+### `makeAppFromEnv` internal flow (return type unchanged)
+- Internally use error-as-values from `loadConfigFile`
+- On `NeedsBunError` / `NeedsTypeStrippingError`: call re-exec, handle `ReexecFailedError`
+- On `ConfigLoadError`: `console.error` + `process.exit(1)`
+- Keep exported signature: `Promise<App>` (exits on unrecoverable errors)
+
+### `action()` — cleaner top-level
+- `makeAppFromEnv` handles its own error cases internally (since we can't change its return type)
+- `action()` stays thin: call `makeAppFromEnv` → `startServer`
+
+## Phase 4: Verify
+
+- No behavior change for end users
+- All `catch (e: any)` replaced with typed errore patterns
+- `process.exit(1)` consolidated to fewer, explicit locations
+- Re-exec failure paths return typed errors before exiting
+
+## Files Changed
+
+| File | Change |
+|---|---|
+| `app/package.json` | add `errore` dep |
+| `app/src/cli/commands/run/run.ts` | tagged errors, refactored error flow |
+
+## Commit Message
+```
+refactor(cli): use errore for typed error handling in run command
+
+Replace untyped catch blocks and scattered process.exit() with
+errore tagged errors and error-as-values pattern. Compile-time
+safety for error handling paths.
+```

app/package.json

@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@
     "clsx": "^2.1.1",
     "commander": "^14.0.2",
     "dotenv": "^17.2.3",
+    "errore": "^0.14.0",
     "jotai": "^2.12.2",
     "jsdom": "^26.1.0",
     "kysely-generic-sqlite": "^1.2.1",

app/src/cli/commands/run/run.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import type { CliBkndConfig, CliCommand } from "cli/types";
 import { Option } from "commander";
 import { config, type App, type CreateAppConfig, type MaybePromise, registries } from "bknd";
 import dotenv from "dotenv";
+import * as errore from "errore";
 import c from "picocolors";
 import { execFileSync } from "node:child_process";
 import path from "node:path";
@@ -19,6 +20,26 @@ import { createRuntimeApp, makeConfig } from "bknd/adapter";
 import { colorizeConsole, isBun } from "bknd/utils";
 import { withConfigOptions, type WithConfigOptions } from "cli/utils/options";
 
+class ConfigLoadError extends errore.createTaggedError({
+   name: "ConfigLoadError",
+   message: "Failed to load config: $reason",
+}) {}
+
+class NeedsBunError extends errore.createTaggedError({
+   name: "NeedsBunError",
+   message: "Config requires Bun runtime",
+}) {}
+
+class NeedsTypeStrippingError extends errore.createTaggedError({
+   name: "NeedsTypeStrippingError",
+   message: "Node $version needs --experimental-strip-types for .ts config",
+}) {}
+
+class ReexecFailedError extends errore.createTaggedError({
+   name: "ReexecFailedError",
+   message: "Re-exec failed: $reason",
+}) {}
+
 const env_files = [".env", ".dev.vars"];
 dotenv.config({
    path: env_files.map((file) => path.resolve(process.cwd(), file)),
@@ -63,10 +84,11 @@ function needsTypeStripping(configFilePath: string): boolean {
    return major === 22 && minor! < 18 && minor! > 5;
 }
 
-function reexecWithTypeStripping(): never {
+function reexecWithTypeStripping(): ReexecFailedError | never {
    if (process.env.__BKND_REEXEC) {
-      console.error(c.red("TS config still failed after re-exec with --experimental-strip-types."));
+      return new ReexecFailedError({
-      process.exit(1);
+         reason: "TS config still failed after re-exec with --experimental-strip-types",
+      });
    }
 
    const cliPath = path.resolve(process.argv[1]!);
@@ -76,30 +98,54 @@ function reexecWithTypeStripping(): never {
       c.yellow("Node <22.18 detected, re-executing with --experimental-strip-types"),
    );
 
-   try {
+   const result = errore.try({
+      try: () =>
          execFileSync(process.execPath, args, {
             stdio: "inherit",
             env: { ...process.env, __BKND_REEXEC: "1" },
+         }),
+      catch: (e) =>
+         new ReexecFailedError({
+            reason: "Failed to re-exec with --experimental-strip-types",
+            cause: e,
+         }),
    });
+
+   if (result instanceof Error) return result;
    process.exit(0);
-   } catch (e: any) {
-      if (e.status != null) process.exit(e.status);
-      console.error(c.red("Failed to re-exec with --experimental-strip-types."));
-      process.exit(1);
-   }
 }
 
-async function loadConfigFile(configFilePath: string): Promise<CliBkndConfig> {
+async function loadConfigFile(
+   configFilePath: string,
+): Promise<ConfigLoadError | NeedsBunError | NeedsTypeStrippingError | CliBkndConfig> {
    if (needsTypeStripping(configFilePath) && !process.execArgv.includes("--experimental-strip-types")) {
-      reexecWithTypeStripping();
+      return new NeedsTypeStrippingError({
-   }
+         version: process.versions.node,
-   return (await import(configFilePath).then((m) => m.default)) as CliBkndConfig;
+      });
    }
 
-function reexecUnderBun(): never {
+   const result = await errore.tryAsync({
+      try: () => import(configFilePath).then((m) => m.default as CliBkndConfig),
+      catch: (e) => {
+         const needsBun =
+            (e instanceof ReferenceError && /\bBun\b.*not defined/.test(e.message)) ||
+            (e instanceof Error && "code" in e && e.code === "ERR_UNSUPPORTED_ESM_URL_SCHEME" && /bun:/.test(e.message));
+         if (needsBun) return new NeedsBunError();
+         return new ConfigLoadError({
+            reason: e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e),
+            cause: e,
+         });
+      },
+   });
+
+   return result;
+}
+
+function reexecUnderBun(): ReexecFailedError | never {
    if (process.env.__BKND_REEXEC) {
-      console.error(c.red("Config requires Bun but still failed under Bun runtime."));
+      return new ReexecFailedError({
-      process.exit(1);
+         reason: "Config requires Bun but still failed under Bun runtime",
+      });
    }
 
    const bunPath = process.env.BUN_INSTALL
@@ -114,22 +160,21 @@ function reexecUnderBun(): never {
       c.cyan(`bun ${args.join(" ")}`),
    );
 
-   try {
+   const result = errore.try({
+      try: () =>
          execFileSync(bunPath, args, {
             stdio: "inherit",
             env: { ...process.env, __BKND_REEXEC: "1" },
+         }),
+      catch: (e) =>
+         new ReexecFailedError({
+            reason: "Could not re-exec under Bun. Install Bun (https://bun.sh) or use bknd/adapter/node in your config.",
+            cause: e,
+         }),
    });
+
+   if (result instanceof Error) return result;
    process.exit(0);
-   } catch (e: any) {
-      if (e.status != null) {
-         process.exit(e.status);
-      }
-      console.error(
-         c.red("Could not re-exec under Bun."),
-         "Install Bun (https://bun.sh) or use bknd/adapter/node in your config.",
-      );
-      process.exit(1);
-   }
 }
 
 type MakeAppConfig = {
@@ -176,16 +221,33 @@ export async function makeAppFromEnv(options: Partial<RunOptions> = {}) {
       // check configuration file to be present
    } else if (configFilePath) {
       console.info("Using config from", c.cyan(configFilePath));
-      try {
+      const configResult = await loadConfigFile(configFilePath);
-         const config = await loadConfigFile(configFilePath);
+
-         app = await makeConfigApp(config, options.server);
+      if (configResult instanceof Error) {
-      } catch (e: any) {
+         errore.matchError(configResult, {
-         const needsBun =
+            NeedsTypeStrippingError: () => {
-            (e instanceof ReferenceError && /\bBun\b.*not defined/.test(e.message)) ||
+               const reexecResult = reexecWithTypeStripping();
-            (e?.code === "ERR_UNSUPPORTED_ESM_URL_SCHEME" && /bun:/.test(e.message));
+               // only reached on failure — success calls process.exit(0)
-         if (needsBun) reexecUnderBun();
+               console.error(c.red(reexecResult.message));
-         console.error("Failed to load config:", e);
                process.exit(1);
+            },
+            NeedsBunError: () => {
+               const reexecResult = reexecUnderBun();
+               // only reached on failure — success calls process.exit(0)
+               console.error(c.red(reexecResult.message));
+               process.exit(1);
+            },
+            ConfigLoadError: (e) => {
+               console.error(c.red("Failed to load config:"), e.reason);
+               process.exit(1);
+            },
+            Error: (e) => {
+               console.error(c.red("Failed to load config:"), e.message);
+               process.exit(1);
+            },
+         });
+      } else {
+         app = await makeConfigApp(configResult, options.server);
       }
 
       // try to use an in-memory connection

bun.lock

@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@
         "clsx": "^2.1.1",
         "commander": "^14.0.2",
         "dotenv": "^17.2.3",
+        "errore": "^0.14.0",
         "jotai": "^2.12.2",
         "jsdom": "^26.1.0",
         "kysely-generic-sqlite": "^1.2.1",
@@ -1936,6 +1937,8 @@
 
     "error-stack-parser-es": ["error-stack-parser-es@1.0.5", "", {}, "sha512-5qucVt2XcuGMcEGgWI7i+yZpmpByQ8J1lHhcL7PwqCwu9FPP3VUXzT4ltHe5i2z9dePwEHcDVOAfSnHsOlCXRA=="],
 
+    "errore": ["errore@0.14.0", "", { "bin": { "errore": "dist/cli.js" } }, "sha512-2RI7BGdxWlJe6yJ3DK0pIvLNzXEE4M41VmF2HrH7C2HldTjYiORQNJ+ufsvAvOUGW/4rRHPFOpooP3ebIRIEXw=="],
+
     "es-abstract": ["es-abstract@1.23.9", "", { "dependencies": { "array-buffer-byte-length": "^1.0.2", "arraybuffer.prototype.slice": "^1.0.4", "available-typed-arrays": "^1.0.7", "call-bind": "^1.0.8", "call-bound": "^1.0.3", "data-view-buffer": "^1.0.2", "data-view-byte-length": "^1.0.2", "data-view-byte-offset": "^1.0.1", "es-define-property": "^1.0.1", "es-errors": "^1.3.0", "es-object-atoms": "^1.0.0", "es-set-tostringtag": "^2.1.0", "es-to-primitive": "^1.3.0", "function.prototype.name": "^1.1.8", "get-intrinsic": "^1.2.7", "get-proto": "^1.0.0", "get-symbol-description": "^1.1.0", "globalthis": "^1.0.4", "gopd": "^1.2.0", "has-property-descriptors": "^1.0.2", "has-proto": "^1.2.0", "has-symbols": "^1.1.0", "hasown": "^2.0.2", "internal-slot": "^1.1.0", "is-array-buffer": "^3.0.5", "is-callable": "^1.2.7", "is-data-view": "^1.0.2", "is-regex": "^1.2.1", "is-shared-array-buffer": "^1.0.4", "is-string": "^1.1.1", "is-typed-array": "^1.1.15", "is-weakref": "^1.1.0", "math-intrinsics": "^1.1.0", "object-inspect": "^1.13.3", "object-keys": "^1.1.1", "object.assign": "^4.1.7", "own-keys": "^1.0.1", "regexp.prototype.flags": "^1.5.3", "safe-array-concat": "^1.1.3", "safe-push-apply": "^1.0.0", "safe-regex-test": "^1.1.0", "set-proto": "^1.0.0", "string.prototype.trim": "^1.2.10", "string.prototype.trimend": "^1.0.9", "string.prototype.trimstart": "^1.0.8", "typed-array-buffer": "^1.0.3", "typed-array-byte-length": "^1.0.3", "typed-array-byte-offset": "^1.0.4", "typed-array-length": "^1.0.7", "unbox-primitive": "^1.1.0", "which-typed-array": "^1.1.18" } }, "sha512-py07lI0wjxAC/DcfK1S6G7iANonniZwTISvdPzk9hzeH0IZIshbuuFxLIU96OyF89Yb9hiqWn8M/bY83KY5vzA=="],
 
     "es-define-property": ["es-define-property@1.0.1", "", {}, "sha512-e3nRfgfUZ4rNGL232gUgX06QNyyez04KdjFrF+LTRoOXmrOgFKDg4BCdsjW8EnT69eqdYGmRpJwiPVYNrCaW3g=="],