fix env test, prefer source over process

- adjusted bindings extraction to not rely on node inspect anymore
- added new vite export that uses nodejs apis

app/build.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/** biome-ignore-all lint/suspicious/noConsole: . */
 import { $ } from "bun";
 import * as tsup from "tsup";
 import pkg from "./package.json" with { type: "json" };
@@ -267,7 +268,7 @@ async function buildAdapters() {
       tsup.build(baseConfig("react-router")),
       tsup.build(
          baseConfig("bun", {
-            external: [/^bun\:.*/],
+            external: [/^bun:.*/],
          }),
       ),
       tsup.build(baseConfig("astro")),
@@ -286,6 +287,14 @@ async function buildAdapters() {
             external: [/bknd/, "wrangler", "node:process"],
          }),
       ),
+      tsup.build(
+         baseConfig("cloudflare/vite", {
+            target: "esnext",
+            entry: ["src/adapter/cloudflare/vite.ts"],
+            outDir: "dist/adapter/cloudflare",
+            metafile: false,
+         }),
+      ),
 
       tsup.build({
          ...baseConfig("vite"),
@@ -322,7 +331,7 @@ async function buildAdapters() {
          entry: ["src/adapter/sqlite/bun.ts"],
          outDir: "dist/adapter/sqlite",
          metafile: false,
-         external: [/^bun\:.*/],
+         external: [/^bun:.*/],
       }),
    ]);
 }

app/package.json

@@ -214,6 +214,11 @@
       "import": "./dist/adapter/cloudflare/proxy.js",
       "require": "./dist/adapter/cloudflare/proxy.js"
     },
+    "./adapter/cloudflare/vite": {
+      "types": "./dist/types/adapter/cloudflare/vite.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/adapter/cloudflare/vite.js",
+      "require": "./dist/adapter/cloudflare/vite.js"
+    },
     "./adapter": {
       "types": "./dist/types/adapter/index.d.ts",
       "import": "./dist/adapter/index.js"

app/src/adapter/cloudflare/bindings.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import { inspect } from "node:util";
-
 export type BindingTypeMap = {
    D1Database: D1Database;
    KVNamespace: KVNamespace;
@@ -10,21 +8,40 @@ export type BindingTypeMap = {
 export type GetBindingType = keyof BindingTypeMap;
 export type BindingMap<T extends GetBindingType> = { key: string; value: BindingTypeMap[T] };
 
+export const bindingMatchers = {
+   // D1Database instance doesn't stringify to [object D1Database] (yet)
+   D1Database: (value: object): value is D1Database => {
+      if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) return false;
+      if (String(value) === "[object D1Database]") return true;
+      if (Object.keys(value).length !== 2) return false;
+      return ["alwaysPrimarySession", "fetcher"].every((key) => key in value);
+   },
+   KVNamespace: (value: object): value is KVNamespace =>
+      String(value) === "[object KvNamespace]" && Object.keys(value).length === 0,
+   DurableObjectNamespace: (value: object): value is DurableObjectNamespace =>
+      String(value) === "[object DurableObjectNamespace]" && Object.keys(value).length === 0,
+   R2Bucket: (value: object): value is R2Bucket =>
+      String(value) === "[object R2Bucket]" && Object.keys(value).length === 0,
+};
+
 export function getBindings<T extends GetBindingType>(env: any, type: T): BindingMap<T>[] {
    const bindings: BindingMap<T>[] = [];
+   if (!(type in bindingMatchers)) {
+      console.error(`No binding matcher for type ${type}`);
+      return [];
+   }
+
+   const matcher = bindingMatchers[type];
+
    for (const key in env) {
-      try {
-         if (
-            (env[key] as any).constructor.name === type ||
-            String(env[key]) === `[object ${type}]` ||
-            inspect(env[key]).includes(type)
-         ) {
-            bindings.push({
-               key,
-               value: env[key] as BindingTypeMap[T],
-            });
-         }
-      } catch (e) {}
+      const value = env[key];
+      if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) continue;
+      if (!matcher(value)) continue;
+
+      bindings.push({
+         key,
+         value,
+      } as any);
    }
    return bindings;
 }

app/src/adapter/cloudflare/bindings.vitest.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { describe, afterAll, test, expect, beforeAll } from "vitest";
+import { Miniflare } from "miniflare";
+import { getBindings, type GetBindingType } from "./bindings";
+
+let mf: Miniflare | undefined;
+
+beforeAll(() => {
+   mf = new Miniflare({
+      modules: true,
+      script: `import { DurableObject } from "cloudflare:workers";
+      export default { async fetch() { return new Response(null); } }
+      export class TestObject extends DurableObject {}
+      export class TestObject2 extends DurableObject {}`,
+      r2Buckets: ["BUCKET"],
+      d1Databases: ["DB"],
+      kvNamespaces: ["KV"],
+      durableObjects: {
+         DO_SQLITE: { className: "TestObject", useSQLite: true },
+         DO_KV: { className: "TestObject2" },
+      },
+   });
+});
+afterAll(() => {
+   mf?.dispose();
+});
+
+describe("bindings", () => {
+   test("extracts", async () => {
+      const env = {
+         ...(await mf!.getBindings()),
+         some: "string",
+         another: 123,
+         array: [1, 2, 3],
+      };
+
+      const $getBindingKeys = (type: GetBindingType) => {
+         const bindings = getBindings(env, type);
+         const keys = bindings?.map((b) => b.key);
+         if (!keys || keys.length === 0) {
+            console.error(`No ${type} binding found`, { bindings });
+            throw new Error(`No ${type} binding found`);
+         }
+         return keys;
+      };
+
+      expect($getBindingKeys("D1Database")).toEqual(["DB"]);
+      expect($getBindingKeys("KVNamespace")).toEqual(["KV"]);
+      expect($getBindingKeys("DurableObjectNamespace")).toEqual(["DO_SQLITE", "DO_KV"]);
+      expect($getBindingKeys("R2Bucket")).toEqual(["BUCKET"]);
+   });
+});

app/src/adapter/cloudflare/index.ts

@@ -16,10 +16,14 @@ export {
    type GetBindingType,
    type BindingMap,
 } from "./bindings";
-export { constants, makeConfig, type CloudflareContext } from "./config";
+export {
+   constants,
+   makeConfig,
+   type CloudflareContext,
+   registerAsyncsExecutionContext,
+} from "./config";
 export { StorageR2Adapter, registerMedia } from "./storage/StorageR2Adapter";
 export { registries } from "bknd";
-export { devFsVitePlugin, devFsWrite } from "./vite";
 
 // for compatibility with old code
 export function d1<DB extends D1Database | D1DatabaseSession = D1Database>(

app/src/adapter/cloudflare/storage/StorageR2Adapter.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ export function registerMedia(
    env: Record<string, any>,
    registries: typeof $registries = $registries,
 ) {
+   if (registries.media.has("r2")) return;
    const r2_bindings = getBindings(env, "R2Bucket");
 
    registries.media.register(
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ export class StorageR2Adapter extends StorageAdapter {
       await this.bucket.delete(this.getKey(key));
    }
 
-   getObjectUrl(key: string): string {
+   getObjectUrl(): string {
       throw new Error("Method getObjectUrl not implemented.");
    }
 
@@ -183,7 +184,7 @@ export class StorageR2Adapter extends StorageAdapter {
       return key;
    }
 
-   toJSON(secrets?: boolean) {
+   toJSON() {
       return {
          type: this.getName(),
          config: {},

app/src/adapter/cloudflare/vite.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// biome-ignore-all lint: .
 import type { Plugin } from "vite";
 import { writeFile as nodeWriteFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { resolve } from "node:path";
@@ -48,7 +49,6 @@ export function devFsVitePlugin({
             // Skip our own debug output
             if (output.includes("[dev-fs-plugin]") || output.includes("[dev-fs-polyfill]")) {
                // @ts-ignore
-               // biome-ignore lint/style/noArguments: <explanation>
                return originalStdoutWrite.apply(process.stdout, arguments);
             }
 
@@ -178,7 +178,6 @@ export function devFsVitePlugin({
             }
 
             // @ts-ignore
-            // biome-ignore lint:
             return originalStdoutWrite.apply(process.stdout, arguments);
          };
 

app/src/core/env.ts

@@ -73,8 +73,9 @@ export const env = <
       onValid?: (valid: R) => void;
    },
 ): R extends undefined ? Fallback : R => {
+   const source = opts?.source ?? (typeof process !== "undefined" ? process?.env : {});
+
    try {
-      const source = opts?.source ?? process.env;
       const c = envs[key];
       const g = source[c.key];
       const v = c.validate(g) as any;

docs/content/docs/(documentation)/integration/(runtimes)/cloudflare.mdx

@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ The [Cloudflare Vite Plugin](https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers/vite-plug
 To fix this, bknd exports a Vite plugin that provides filesystem access during development. You can use it by adding the following to your `vite.config.ts` file:
 
 ```ts
-import { devFsVitePlugin } from "bknd/adapter/cloudflare";
+import { devFsVitePlugin } from "bknd/adapter/cloudflare/vite";
 
 export default defineConfig({
   plugins: [devFsVitePlugin()], // [!code highlight]
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
 Now to use this polyfill, you can use the `devFsWrite` function to write files to the filesystem.
 
 ```ts
-import { devFsWrite } from "bknd/adapter/cloudflare"; // [!code highlight]
+import { devFsWrite } from "bknd/adapter/cloudflare/vite"; // [!code highlight]
 import { syncTypes } from "bknd/plugins";
 
 export default {

examples/cloudflare-worker/package.json

@@ -6,15 +6,15 @@
   "scripts": {
     "deploy": "wrangler deploy",
     "dev": "wrangler dev",
-    "bknd-typegen": "PROXY=1 npx bknd types",
+    "bknd-typegen": "PROXY=1 node_modules/.bin/bknd types",
     "typegen": "wrangler types && npm run bknd-typegen",
-    "predev": "npm run typegen"
+    "postinstall": "npm run typegen"
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "bknd": "file:../../app"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "typescript": "^5.9.2",
-    "wrangler": "^4.34.0"
+    "typescript": "^5.9.3",
+    "wrangler": "^4.46.0"
   }
 }

examples/cloudflare-worker/wrangler.json

@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
   "$schema": "node_modules/wrangler/config-schema.json",
   "name": "bknd-cf-worker-example",
   "main": "src/index.ts",
-  "compatibility_date": "2025-08-03",
-  "compatibility_flags": ["nodejs_compat"],
+  "compatibility_date": "2025-11-05",
   "workers_dev": true,
   "minify": true,
   "assets": {